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Automated Measurement of Ultrasound Markers of Congenital Fetal Abnormalities
Szpyrc, Bogdan ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Provazník, Ivo (advisor)
This work deals with displaying and measuring ultrasonic markers of congenital defects of the fetus in first trimester of pregnancy. Background research of ultrasonic markers was based on the studies of prof. Kypros Nicolaides (Great Britain), the president of the Fetal Medicine Foundation. This work contains a brief description of diagnosing of congenital defects during all three trimesters, and lists in detail defects that can be diagnosed properly during first trimester, as well as methods of calculating the risk of chromosomal abnormalities. In the next parts of this work, there are descriptions of methods used to improve results while measuring nuchal translucence (NT) strongest marker of Down syndrome in first trimester. The imaging capabilities of ultrasound devices were tested. Using scanned images, the influence of different display parameters on the resolution could be determined. Furthermore, using recommendations of the FMF, algorithms for adjusting correct slice of fetus and automatic measurement NT were designed and tested. A program application was designed that enabled testing of those algorithms on real images and calculating risks of chromosomal abnormalities from CRL and NT value. Designed algorithms were tested on real images. The program application, in witch the algorithms for measuring NT (NT detection algorithms) are included, was created.
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Význam hiporehabilitace pro pacienty s onemocněním Downův syndrom a charakteristika soutěže paravoltiž
Zichová, Simona
This Bachelor thesis is focused on characteristic of Equine-Assisted Activities and The-rapies. Thesis describes history, activities in the Czech republic and sub-areas which consist of and objectives. Second part deals with the profile of genetic disease Down syndrom, diagnosis, signs and subsequent threatment by of Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies. The third chapter describes paravaulting competition. Thesis defines main rules, classification, selection of the correct paravaulting horse. Case studies of individuals with Down´s syndrome are presented in the thesis, which focus on the discipline paravaulting. The work highlights the mental and physical qua-lities they have acquired thanks to this discipline.
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Use of ergotherapy for Down's syndrome in preschool age
Šustová, Kateřina ; Valešová Malecová, Barbara (advisor) ; Šumníková, Pavlína (referee)
The diploma thesis Use of ergotherapy fro Down's syndrome in preschool age deals with the use of ergotherapy as a tool for the development of fine and gross motor skills in children with Down syndrome in preschool age. The work consists of two parts. The theoretical part defines the issue of Down syndrome, then describes the specifics of the development of a child with an intellectual disability in preschool age, with a focus on the development of fine and gross motor skills, and the last part summarizes the current knowledge about ergotherapy and its use in children with Down syndrome in preschool age. The second part describes the design of an occupational therapy program focused on the development of fine and gross motor skills in children with Down syndrome and then verifies its applicability in practice through action research. Three children wit Down syndrome aged of four to five were involved in the usability testing and their progress in individual fine and gross motor skills was compared. The results of the research show that the proposed program is usable in practice and at the same time give suggestions for its modifications for further use.
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Motivation of Sportismen with Down Syndrome
Mráčková, Lenka ; Zemková, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hradilová, Tereza (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the influence of motivation on individuals with Down syndrome in sports. It examines the athletic performances of individuals with Down syndrome in selected disciplines and compares the results of these performances between motivated athletes and athletes without motivational support. Furthermore, it addresses the sports opportunities provided to people with Down syndrome and provides an overview of the overall success of athletes with Down syndrome in selected sports at the international level. The thesis utilizes qualitative methods to determine how motivation affects individuals with Down syndrome who engage in sports. Athletes were tasked with completing specific disciplines that were repeated, with the only difference being the motivation provided by coaches. The research was conducted over a longer period of time to ensure that the individual's athletic condition did not interfere with the results of the observation. Keywords: Down syndrome, mental disability, motivation, sports
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The Issue of Social Services for Families with Children with Down Syndrome
ŠRENKOVÁ, Michaela
The topic of the bachelor thesis is the issue of social services for families with children with Down syndrome as a target group for social services. The theoretical part defines the concepts related to Down syndrome and associated mental retardation, concepts related to social services, education and its interconnection with the social services system in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part of the thesis includes a list of social services and their providers that families with children can theoretically use together with other helping organisations. This part of the bachelor thesis fulfils two objectives: to map social services for families with children with Down syndrome and to map the providers of these services. The third objective of the thesis, to find out the experiences of families with social services, is fulfilled by the practical part of the bachelor thesis, which was carried out in the form of qualitative research using the method of semi-structured interviews with families with a child with Down syndrome. To achieve the results, three research questions were set: What organisations in the Czech Republic provide social services to families with a child with Down syndrome? What social services do these families actually use? Are these social services perceived by families as sufficient? The results of the survey show that families with children with Down syndrome are aware of social services and their providers and some of them use them or know that they will in the future. It is also evident that if they combine the use of social services with the services of helping organisations that focus specifically on children with Down syndrome, their service needs are currently met and the services are perceived as sufficient thanks to the complementary helping organisations.
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Family with a child with Down Syndrome
POVOLNÁ, Dagmar
The issue of people with Down syndrome is still a current topic. Knowledge of the problems of families with a child with Down syndrome is still small and very confusing for the public. With this work I would like to present the problems of families with children with Down syndrome, which are known from the literature and which result from the research part of my work.The problems of given families can be different and the same at the same time. Every family copes differently with the fact that their child will be born with a disability. The literature describes several types of coping with the birth of a child with a disability. Every person is different and this problem can affect him differently, someone will cope with it more easily and others may not come to terms with it at all. The main goal of the bachelor thesis is to find out what problems families with children with Down syndrome have, which they have to deal with in everyday life. A partial goal of the bachelor's thesis is to find out whether the problems of families with children with Down syndrome coincide or not. The theoretical part of the thesis contains a theoretical definition of the family and a theoretical definition of Down syndrome. The theoretical definition of the family includes parts such as family functions, family types and characteristics and problems of the current family. We learn how we can characterize the family. Here we learn what functions the family should perform and how these functions are important for the child, as well as what types of families there are. In the next chapter, we find out what problems the modern family deals with. In the part of the theoretical definition of Down syndrome we learn what Down syndrome is. Throughout history, we learn about who invented the term Down Syndrome and when. We also find out the causes of Down syndrome and its diagnosis. We characterize the forms of Down syndrome. We determine the characteristics for children with Down syndrome, and what is the number of children who have this syndrome. We have a clear overview of what health problems children with Down syndrome may have and also what degree of mental disability they may have. We also find out what effects the birth of a child with Down syndrome may have on the family. We find out what parenting options parents of children with Down syndrome have fortheir children. We define which phases of coping we have. An equally important part is what are the possibilities of helping the families of children with Down syndrome, which can be provided by the state but also by non-governmental non-profit organizations. For the research part of my work I used a qualitative research strategy. I used the method of questioning and the technique of guided interview. The research part is divided into two parts, the first part, which consists of interviews with parents (mothers) of children with Down syndrome and the second part, which consists of interviews with siblings of children with Down syndrome. To process and interpret the data from my research, I used "coding", which I applied in the framework analysis. A research sample of parents and siblings of children with Down syndrome is presented here, with whom an interview was conducted after signing informed consent. To record the interviews, I used tables in which I summarized the indexed data from the framework analysis. At the end of the work we learn about the problems of families with children with Down syndrome, and how these problems differ. My bachelor's thesis presents the problems that families with children with Down syndrome deal with. It can serve the general public to learn about the problems of families with children with Down syndrome.
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Hospitalization of Down syndrome children
KUDRFALCOVÁ, Petra
Down syndrome is the most frequent genetic disorder that is present in average among one out of 700 children born alive. Every child born with Down syndrome bears in his/her cells abnormal amount of chromosome 21. The child born with Down syndrome requires different care and approach then other children because of a presence of various stages of mental retardation and affiliated diseases. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to introduce the issue of Down syndrome to the public. Furthermore, to map out parents´ satisfaction with nursing care in the hospital in which their child with Down syndrome is hospitalised and to survey the differences in nursing care of children with Down syndrome in the framework of hospitalisation at children´s department from the nurses´ point of view. This aim is reached through a qualitative research which was implemented as a half-structured interview with parents whose children have Down syndrome, and with nurses from different children´s departments. The first part of the thesis describes Down syndrome in theory. Its forms, history, characteristic traits, affiliated diseases, diagnostics and specific care in various fields are described. The practical part processes and analyses used interviews with both mentioned groups; for an analysis of the research data a method of open coding is used. The implemented interviews with parents imply a real satisfaction with hospitalisation of their children, however a dissatisfaction with the way of giving information about their child´s diagnosis of Dawn syndrome. Out of 9 mothers, 5 of them were not satisfied with the way of providing this information and they mostly complained about their husbands´ absence. Thanks to interviews with nurses, some differences in care of these children were discovered. It mostly deals with a different approach, better surveillance due to a mental retardation and more explanation and assurance whether the child understood. Even the higher rate of aggressivity of these children was discovered. Therefore, emphatic and sensitive approach is important. The conclusion of the research states higher difficulty of nursing care and satisfaction of parents with their child´s hospitalisation; there are some exceptions and there is much room for improvement on both sides. Particularly it is necessary to improve doctors´ approach to providing the parents with information about diagnosing their child with Down syndrome.
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Use of physical activity for people with Down syndrome
HEJLEK, Jaroslav
The bachelor thesis deals with the use of physical activities for people with Down syndrome. The aim of the work is to search and describe which physical activities are used in social services for these people. To achieve the aim of the work, the quality research, the method of questioning, the technique of half-controlled interview and the technique of the focus group were used. The answers of the communicative partners were gathered with regard to two different research files, and with different techniques of getting the data. The first research files are social workers, workers in social services and activation workers. The participants of the interviews were nine workers from five different social facilities in the South Moravian and the South Bohemian region. The results were evaluated with the system of open coding and data categorization. The other research file were the clients of one of the social facility in the South Moravian region. The data were gathered with the focus group technique. The focus group contains five clients (three men and two women). The results are evaluated with the method of creating clumps. The results show that the offer of physical activities in social services is varied and diverse, the clients are supported in these activities and the influence on them is positive. The most of the clients appreciate physical activities, participate in sports actions, competitions and special Olympic games. The benefit of the bachelor thesis is the summary of physical activities, their use, and possible inspiration for those who work with people affected with Down syndrome. The work also emphasizes the importance of physical activities and it may help with public awareness in this area.
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The education of pupils with Down sydrome in the main educational flow
FOREJTOVÁ, Kristýna
This bachelor thesis is focusing on inclusive education of pupils with Down syndrome in the main current of primary schools. Inclusive education is a topic often discussed in society and yet not understood by some people. Therefore, I decided to get and evaluate data of inclusive education for pupils with special educational needs. The bachelor thesis is divided into four chapters. First three chapters are theoretical and the last one is practical. The first chapter defines specifics and options of educating students with Down syndrome in a regular primary schools. The second chapter describes inclusive education and legislation of Czech school system. This chapter also describes support measures, which includes, for example, a teaching assistants and an individual educational plans. The third chapter defines and describes distance education at primary schools. This chapter was created in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, which suddenly closed all schools in the Czech Republic, so it was necessary to move from a full-time form of education to a distance form. The fourth chapter is practical and is focusing on the inclusive education of two selected girls with Down syndrome. The main purpose of the research was to find out how is the education of students with Down syndrome done in the main currrent of education in the regular primary schools. The investigation was made by using a qualitative research method with the interview technique, also there was used the method of observation. Here were chosen semi-structured interviews with teachers, assistant of students with Down syndrome and their legal representatives.
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